Chapter 1: Setting the Stage
Page 2: Land, Business, Technology
Colonists have no money, and few tools
America awaits development
Indian settlements in colonial America
Early colonial farmsteads
Settlements, 1670
Page 3: Limited Options
Products Europe Needs
Moving Goods by Water, 1600s
London, 1600s
Merchants and Vessels, 1600s
America at a Disadvantage, 1600s
Boston is an Exception, 1700s
Page 4: Breaking Free
American business, 1750
American colonies, 1770 map
First industries, 1800
Erie Canal, Game-changer
Steam-powered vessels, 1840
Rail networks, 1850
Page 5: Rapid Industrialization
The Old New York, 1840
New York, 1865 aerial view
New York, 1885 aerial view
New York, 1910 aerial view
New York, 1840-1910
World Trade Tower, New York 2017
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Chapter 2: Medieval World
Page 1: Human Migrations
New World and Old World, 1600 AD
Stone Age migration map, 60,000 BC
Land bridge to America map, 10,000 BC
European settlements, 10,000 BC map
Bronze-age Europe, settlements map
World population, 0 AD map
Page 2: After the Romans
Viking raids, 800s AD
Norse trade routes, 1000 AD map
Medieval manors and towns, 1000 AD map
World trade and Silk Road, 1200 AD map
Medieval trade fairs, 1200 AD
Medieval merchants and bankers
Page 3: Hunkering Down
Mongol invasion, 1200s map
Castles and fortifications, 1200s
Medieval castles, walled cities, 1200s map
Trade disruptions, 1300s map
Medieval guilds
Black Death, 1300s map
Page 4: Approaching threat
Muslim invasion, 1400s map
Cities and trade routes, 1500 map
Medieval Cathedrals, 1500 map
North American, 1500s
American stone-age sites, map
Aztec, Maya and Inca sites, 1500 map
Page 5: Military Technology
Medieval Weapons, 1500
Medieval knights and armor
Medieval siege warfare
Medieval cannons
Medieval warships and galleys
Medieval arms-makers, Venice 1500
Page 6: Free-for-all
Medieval wars and conflicts. 1500
Wars and battles, 700-900 AD map
Wars and battles, 900-1100 map
Wars and battles, 1100-1300 map
Wars and battles, 1300-1500 map
Conflict summary, 700-1500 map
Page 7: Sailing for Riches
Oceanic voyages, 1500s map
Trans-Europe all-water routes, 1500s map
Portuguese Spice Island exploration, 1500s map
Columbus navigation error, 1492 map
Columbus' four voyages, map
Medieval world map, 1500
Page 8: Searching for riches
Age of exploration, 1500s map
Spanish exploration, 1500s map
English exploration, 1500s map
French exploration, 1500s map
Dutch, Henry Hudson voyages, 1600s map
Magellan, Drake and Chinese voyages, map
Page 9: American Indians
Native Americans, 1600
Eastern tribes, map
Midwestern tribes, map
Southern tribes, map
Great Plains tribes, map
Pacific Coast tribes, map
Page 10: Stone-age living
Indian life, 1600
Indian dwellings
Indian hunting
Indian farming
Indian fishing
Indian stockades |
Chapter 3: First Colonies
Page 1: Across the Ocean
First English colonies, 1600s map
Ocean voyages, 1600s
Typical merchant vessel, 1600
The Mayflower
Pilgrims search for a site, 1620
Early struggles to survive, 1600s
Page 2: Jamestown Survives
Jamestown early days
Jamestown unhealthy site, 1609
Jamestown and tobacco, 1610
Jamestown homes, 1620
Jamestown storehouse, 1620
Jamestown Armory, 1620
Page 3: Surrounded by Danger
Indians at Jamestown, 1610
Powhatan Indians, 1610
Jamestown Indians help colonists, 1610
Jamestown Indian Wars, 1609-1646
Colonists Massacred, Jamestown, 1609
Slaves in Jamestown, 1619
Page 4: Devout Beginnings
Desperate Pilgrims, 1620
Plymouth first winter, 1620
Plymouth main street, 1630
Plymouth fort and church, 1630
Plymouth gardens, 1630
Pilgrim piety, 1630
Page 5: Peaceful Neighbors
New England Indians, 1600 map
Squanto, Indian translator, 1621
Truce with Chief Massasoit, 1620-1675
Puritan New England, 1680 map
King Philip's Indian War, 1675 map
Colonial settlements, 1680 map
Page 6: New England is Prospering
New England prospers, 1700
New England, settlements,1640-80
Port cities, 1700
Philadelphia, 1700 map
Chesapeake tobacco plantations, 1700 map
Canadian fur trappers, 1700 map
Page 7: Living the Slow Life
Simple life, 1700
Northern farming, 1700
Colonial farm animals, 1700
Virginia tobacco plantations, 1700
Boom and Bust, Virginia tobacco, 1700
Garden Crops, 1700
Page 8: Farm Furnishings
Subsistence farming, 1700
Colonial kitchen, 1700
Colonial cooking, laundry, 1700
Homespun Clothing, 1700
Philadelphia townhouses, 1700
Schools and churches, 1700
Page 9: Land for Free
Colonial land grants, 1700s
New England exports, 1750
Germans in Philadelphia, 1727-1775
Scots-Irish in the Carolinas, 1700-1800
Colonial Williamsburg, 1700
Caribbean sugar plantations, 1700s
Page 10: Not Much New
Mills and waterwheels, 1750
Colonial farming, 1750
Farming tools, 1750
Carpentry tools, 1750
Wagons, carriages and wheels, 1750
Colonial shipbuilding, 1750
Page 11: Made in America
Colonial exports, 1750
Brickmaking, 1750
Barrel-makers, 1750
Shoe-makers, 1750
Rope-making, 1750
Craft shops, 1750
Page 12: Tinkering at the Edges
Amateur Scientists, 1750
Benjamin Franklin
Print shops, 1750
Iron-making, 1750
Blacksmiths and Silversmiths, 1750
Gunsmith, 1750
Page 13: Looking Back
Colonial growth, 1650-1750 map
New England growth, 1650-1750 map
Southern growth, 1650-1750 map
Port cities, 1750
Europe, 1750
Enlightenment in Europe |
Chapter 4: Struggle for Freedom
Page 1: Battle for America
Colonists Against Recoats, 1770s
European wars, 1600-1750 map
Weapons, 1750
War deaths, 1500-1800 chart
French and Indian War, 1754-63 map
British supremacy, 1760
Page 2: Supplying the Troops
War boom and bust, 1760s
Smuggling and triangular slave trade, 1760
Colonial shipping deficit, 1760s
Ports and vessels, 1760 map
Colonial shipyards, 1760 map
Grand Banks fishing grounds, 1750 map
Page 3: Growing Tension
Prelude to War, 1774
Occupation of Boston, 1768-76
Boston Massacre, Tea Party, 1770s
Lexington and Concord, 1775
Siege of Boston, 1775-76
Battle of Bunker Hill, 1775
Page 4: We WON!
British Evacuate Boston, 1776
Fort Ticonderoga cannons, 1775-76
Declaration of Independence, 1776
British invasion of New York, 1776
Battle of Long Island, 1776
Evacuation of Long Island, 1776
Page 5: Retreat, Retreat, Retreat
Washington's long retreat, 1776
Battle of Trenton, 1776
Battle of Saratoga, 1777
Valley Forge, 1777-78
British Siege of Charleston, 1780
Surrender at Yorktown, 1781
Page 6: Long Journey Done
Chaos after the Revolutionary War, 1781
Money problems, Shays' Rebellion, 1786
Constitutional Convention, 1787
Constitution Hall, 1787
Federalists and anti-Federalists, 1787
Original 13 states, 1787
Page 7: New Constitution
Constitution, Spirit of '76
Constitution and small states, 1787
Constitution and Senate, 3/5 rule
Constitution, who can vote
Constitution, balance of power
Constitution, checks and balances
Page 8: Filling in Holes
First US Congress, 1789
Summary of US Constitution, 1789
Bill of Rights ratified, 1791
First Bank of the US, 1791
Tariffs, 1789
Whiskey Rebellion, 1791
Page 9: Standing United
Distinct Regions, 1800
Northern Shipping, 1800
Mid-Atlantic Region, 1800
Chesapeake region, 1800
The Carolinas, 1800
Postal Service, 1800 map
Page 10: Declining Slave Imports
Tobacco plantations, 1800
Virginia planters, 1800
Rice and Indigo plantations, 1800
Slave trade, 1800 map
Slave ships, 1800
Anti-Slavery Perspective, 1800
Page 11: Growing Cities
Boston Post Road, 1800 map
Libraries, hospitals, streetlamps 1800
Sanitation, 1800
Philadelphia waterfront, 1800
Beacon Hill levelled, 1800s
Farming America, 1800
Page 12: Land Grants
Dutch Hudson River estates, 1600s map
Pennsylvania manors, 1700s
Virginia estates, 1800s map
Wealth and power, 1800s
Shipping fortunes
Northern Estates, 1800s
Page 13: More Land for Sale
Virginians in Kentucky, 1800 map
Wilderness Road, Daniel Boone, 1800 map
Louisiana Purchase, 1803
Lewis and Clark, 1804 map
Cheap Western Land, 1800
The China Trade, 1830 map
Page 14: Land, Business, Technology
Settled Area Triples, 1750-1800 map
Northeast growth, 1750-1800 map
Southern growth, 1750-1800 map
Cities, 1800 maps
Napoleonic Wars, 1800s
Philosophers, Adam Smith, James Watt, 1800s |
Maps: Before 1800
Page 1: Early Humans
Stone Age, 300,000 BC map
Human settlements, 15,000 BC map
Agriculture, 5000 BC map
Bronze Age civilizations, 1200 BC map
Cities and precious metals, 1200 BC map
Early warfare, 2500-1000 BC map
Page 2: Conquest
Persian Empire, 500 BC map
Alexander the Great, Carthage, 200 BC map
Roman Empire, 300 AD map
Roman, Chinese conflict, 300 AD map
Roman collapse, Viking trade, 900 AD map
Barbarians, Muslim expansion, 900 AD map
Page 3: Clash of Empires
Crusaders, Mongol Hordes, 1300 AD map
Norse traders, Holy Roman Empire, map
Conflict and castles, 1300-1400 map
European wars, 1400-1600 map
Renaissance commerce, 1600 map
Global rivalry, Spice Islands, 1600s map
Page 4: Age of Exploration
Vikings, Columbus, Portuguese, 1500 map
Age of Exploration, New World, 1500s map
Spanish explorers, 1500s map
English explorers, 1500s map
French explorers, 1500s map
Dutch explorers, Henry Hudson, 1600s map
Page 5: Early Colonies
Jamestown, Plymouth colonies, 1600s map
New England settlements, 1640 map
Chesapeake Bay colonies, 1640 map
Powhatan Indian Wars, 1609-1640 map
King Philip's Indian War, 1680 map
Expanding colonies, 1700 map
Page 6: Colonial Growth
Settlements and postal roads, 1750 map
Grand Banks fishing grounds, 1750 map
British and French settlements, 1750 map
French and Indian War, 1754-1763 map
Triangular trade, smuggling, 1770 map
Ports, shipbuilders, roads, 1770 map
Page 7: War Begins
Lexington, Concord, Ft Ticonderoga, 1775 map
Patriot siege of Boston, 1775 map
British victory, Battle of Long Island, 1776 map
Washington retreat from New York, 1776 map
Washington victory at Trenton, 1776 map
Patriot victory at Saratoga, 1777map
Page 8: Final Victory
British Southern Campaign, 1780-81 map
French help, Yorktown surrender, 1781 map
Constitutional Convention, 1787 map
House of Representatives, 1787 and today
Senate and 3/5 rule, 1787 map
Peak slave trade, 1800 map
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Technology: Before 1870
Page 1: Technology Transforms
Early technology, 1500
Bow and arrow
Printing press
Colonial printing
Technology snowball effect
Smartphone Evolution
Page 2: Ancient Humans
Technology Starter Kit
Stone Age, 60,000 BC
Bronze Age, 2000 BC
Civilization, 1500 BC
Warfare, 1500 BC
Iron Age, 1200 BC
Page 3: Early Medieval Period
Chartres Cathedral, 1200s
Cathedral ceilings, 1200s
Notre Dame, 1200s
Construction secrets
Later cathedrals, 1600s and later
Hagia Sophia, 500s
Page 4: Late Medieval Period
Clockmaker's Shop, 1600
Larger Castings, Cannon foundry, 1600
inventing the compass, 1600
Medieval distillery, 1600
Medieval saddle-maker, 1600
Raising silkworms, 1600
Page 5: Colonial Period
American wilderness, 1600
Woodsman's axe, 1650
Colonial broad axe, 1700
Pit saws and splitting froes, 1700
Colonial shaping tools, 1750
Cast Iron and Wood, 1750
Page 6: Farm and Field
Farm tools, 1700
Wooden plows, 1700
Haying tools, 1700
House and barn, 1700
Early drills, 1750
Lathes, 1750
Page 7: Early Blast Furnaces
Colonial blast furnaces, 1700
Saugus Ironworks, 1650
Trip Hammer, 1650
Colonial rolling mill, 1650
Wooden gears, 1650
Blacksmith skills, 1700
Page 8: Fabric and Clothing
Spinning wheel, 1650
Combing, carding, heckling, 1700s
Spinning fibers, 1600s
Foot-treadle wheel with flyer, 1700s
Wooden weaving loom, 1700s
Weaving with a shuttle, 1700s
Page 9: Printing Press
Printing press, 1700s
Printing press setup, 1700s
Printing carriage, 1700s
Printing ink, 1700s
Pamphlet and book binding, 1700s
Colonial broadsheets, 1700s
Page 10: Limited Power Sources
Waterwheels, 1700s
Sawmills, 1700s
Flour and grist mills, 1700s
Horse power, 1700s
Wagons and wheels, 1700s
Early machinery, 1800s
Page 21: Pre-industrial
Technology, 1600-1750
Technology 1750-1800
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Gallery: Civilization and Conflict
Page 1: Jostling for Control
Civilization breeds conflict
Earliest humans, 300,000 BC map
Early human migration, 60,000 BC map
Late Stone Age, 15,000 BC map
Early agriculture, 5000 BC map
Early civilizations, 3000 BC map
Page 2: This Changes Everything
Bronze Age conflict, 2,500 BC map
Copper and tin sites, 2000 BC map
Bronze-Age collapse, 1000 BC map
Early fortifications, 1000 BC map
Mediterranean trade, 1500 BC map
Bronze-Age wars, 1500 BC map
Page 3: Quest for Empire
Persian Empire, 500s BC map
Classical Greece, 400 BC map
Punic Wars, Rome vs Carthage, 200 BC map
Roman Empire, 200 AD map
Roman wars, 300 AD map
Barbarians weaken Rome, 400 map
Page 4: Rome Flees the Barbarians
Romans in Constantinople, 600 AD map
Islam appears, and expands, 600s map
Turks join Muslims, 900 map
Nordic traders, 900s map
Byzantium under pressure, 110 map
Dark Ages conflict, 400-900 map
Page 5: Out with the Infidels!
Christian Crusades, 1100 map
Mongols and Black Death, 1300 map
Hundred Years War, 1350-1450 map
Walls and Castles, 1400 map
Turks sack Constantinople, 1400s map
Manors and serfs, 1400
Page 6: Bronze Age Weapons
Gunpower changes warfare, 1500
Bonze-age weapons
Medieval armor
Catapults and siege engines
Cannons and firearms
Battles before gunpowder, pre-1500 map
Page 7: Protecting Wealth
Trojan War, 1100 BC
Siege warfare
Cities with most sieges, map
Siege diagram, Rome
Walled cities everywhere
Failed siege of Vienna, 1493
Page 8: Expanding Empires
European trade reviving, 1400s map
Major fortified cities, 1400 map
Spain and Ottoman Turks, 1500s map
Spanish expansion, 1500s
Turks at the gates, 1400s
Field artillery changes warfare, 1500
Page 9: Galleys Still Rule
War galleys, 1500s
Warships and rigging, 1500
Spice Islands and China, 1500 map
Sailing around Africa, 1500s map
Portuguese sailing east, 1500s map
Warships and firepower, 1600
Page 10: Going the Opposite Way
Columbus sails west, 1500s map
Spanish conquest, 1500s map
Spanish treasure fleets, 1500s map
Portuguese slave trade, 1600s map
English exploration, 1500s map
French exploration, 1500s map
Page 11: Catholics and Protestants
Catholics fight Protestants, 1500s map
Martin Luther, printing, Reformation, 1500s
Popes with business ties, 1500s
Inquisitions, heresy, witchcraft, 1500s
Spanish Armada fails, 1588
Thirty Years' War, bloodbath, 1600s
Page 12: The World gets Bigger
Empires and expansion, 1600s map
East India trading companies, 1600s map
Naval power is key, 1600s
Seven Years' War, Europe, 1700s map
Britain emerges on top, 1700s
American Revolutionary War, 1775-1781 map
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